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Table of Content

      Landscape Architecture
    • WANG Min, LIANG Shuang, WANG Yun-cai
      2019, 0(3):  1-8.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.001
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      As two important ecosystem services, the optimization of ecological value and the promotion of recreational service are regarded as two typical scenarios for constructing an urban green space ecological network in the process of urban renovation and ecological restoration and urban transformation. In this paper, two kinds of target-oriented green space ecological networks are constructed based on the "Attraction-Resistance" Analysis Model of GIS, with Taiyuan City used as the research area. Through scenario comparison and analysis, the author has attempted to answer the research question of how to construct the green space ecological network to the scale of the central urban area to balance the optimization of ecological value and the improvement of recreational services. Firstly, the differences and linkages between source identification, resistance construction, green corridor selection and the network pattern are identified and their relationship is explored using two scenarios. The two scenarios are then combined to form a green space ecological network with both ecological and social functions. Moreover, from the perspective of composite source selection, composite resistance construction, and composite green corridor line selection, the author puts forward a multi-functional coupling framework of an urban green space ecological network based on ecological security and social services. The aim of the research is to coordinate the needs of multi-stakeholders and achieve optimal allocation of scarce urban green space resources between different utilization purposes.

    • WANG Zhi-fang, FU Hong-peng, ZHOU Yao-jin, WANG Si-rui
      2019, 0(3):  9-15.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.009
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      Facing the transformation of national spatial planning, this paper attempts to explore the GI or ecological space planning systems appropriate to China's contexts by comparing the GI planning cases of the United Kingdom, the United States, and Germany. It has been found that the GI planning system of Germany is comparatively complete. The GI planning of America is rather complete in  certain cities under the background of urban renewal; while the GI of the United Kingdom pays more attention to rural characteristic protection. The complexity of geographical conditions and urban-rural structures in China indicates the necessity to distinguish and learn from different foreign systems. This paper puts forward the following suggestions for the development of China's GI planning: conceptually,  it's necessary to appreciate the multi-functionality of comprehensive values of natural resources; institutionally, China should draw on the experiences of the German GI to construct legal support based on the inherent value of natural resources, and then conduct the GI or ecological space planning system, methods and mapping specifications at different scales; methodologically, it's important to distinguish the differences between rural areas and urban areas in order to explore planning processes suitable to their characteristics respectively, such as the planning practices of Philadelphia for urban areas and British cases for rural areas.

    • WU Jing, YANG Ying, HE Jun
      2019, 0(3):  16-21.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.016
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      With global environmental problems becoming more serious, the need for a healthy environment is becoming more urgent. Green infrastructure is one effective measure to mitigate environmental problems and has received increasing attention in recent years, with the number of relevant research articles increasing. This paper analyzes the research progress related to the author cooperation network, journal distribution characteristics, highly cited articles, keywords, research hotspots, and research trends, based on data included in the core collection of WOS from 1995 to 2018. The study found that: 1) the total number of research articles on green infrastructure has increased nationally and internationally; 2) the main research direction has shifted to ecosystem services, biodiversity, climate change, and urban landscape; 3) the research fields have gradually shifted away from water resources, geography, and engineering to forestry, architecture, biology, geosciences, and toxicology; 4) the research on green infrastructure has developed rapidly in the fields of landscape architecture, urban and rural planning, architecture, and environmental science. This study provides a scientific basis and theoretical support for the future construction and development of green infrastructure in China.

    • DONG Nan-nan, FU Si-yi
      2019, 0(3):  22-25.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.022
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      Based on the rural revitalization strategy, landscape construction is not only for improving the rural living environment, but is also an important method for strengthening the agricultural industry. By reviewing the design of interim-use rural landscape construction and organization of the activities which are represented by the 'Rice Garden Experiment', this paper summarizes one kind of rural landscape construction pattern which combines the agriculture industry and seasonal characteristics, and shapes humanistic connotation and public culture.

    • XU Jian, WU Zhi-cai, ZHANG Yang-yang
      2019, 0(3):  26-33.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.026
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      Thanks to efforts made to alleviate tourism poverty, the life of rural residents has changed greatly, but there is little research that touches upon the issue of villagers' well-being. Increasing numbers of tourists are coming to the countryside, which helps improve the income of the villagers, but also disturbs their lives. There is a huge gap between the rich and the poor, the conflict of their living habits, the destruction of the original rural environment, and the rural residents themselves. What is the impact of 'well-being'? What factors determine the well-being of the villagers? In order to undertake a subjective evaluation of the well-being of rural residents in the context of tourism poverty alleviation, and to identify the main factors affecting well-being, the rural area of Guangdong Province in southern China was chosen for a research case on the relatively significant effects of tourism poverty alleviation. Through field interviews for 'College Students investigate and survey in Guangdong Rural Areas', 503 valid documents were received, and an automatic linear model of village well-being was established. The main factors affecting residents' well-being include their neighborhood, housing situation and sleep quality. Further explanations of the well-being of different groups were provided by conducting cross-tab and correlation analyses.
    • SUN Pei-jin, LU Wei
      2019, 0(3):  34-39.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.034
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      The relationship between green space and physical activity is an important subject of environment and health research. In this study, the author assessed whether the associations between green space and health outcomes have different dependent scales. Samples were selected randomly in Dalian, a city with especially hilly terrain. The green space was measured by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and the accessibility of parks. Physical activity indicators were obtained from International Physical Activity Questions. Health indicators included psychological aspects and the self-reported health status of residents. Through a regression model and curve fitting, the questions of how green space influences physical activity and health outcomes were answered, with the social environment as a moderator, controlling the social-demographic. The results showed that the park was not related to being overweight or a lack of physical activity. The NDVI at two levels (400m and 800m) had a significant negative impact on walking, but the linear relationship was loose. The NDVI at two levels (1200m and 1600m) was negatively correlated with the transport-related walking. Also, the NDVI was associated with the topographic slope, but it had a negative impact on BMI only at the 400m level. Generally speaking, there is still a need to improve the green space to create health benefits by promoting physical activity through improved environment and infrastructure.
    • CHEN Meng-yun, LIN Guang-si
      2019, 0(3):  40-44.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.040
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      As Nature-based Solutions are studied and practiced more widely, the range of definitions used by different groups has gradually increased. However, the connotations of the concept have many potential interpretations as different researchers have different viewpoints, which brings with it a series of cognitive differences and misunderstandings. Therefore, by explaining the common differences and misunderstandings, this article clarifies that Nature-based Solutions are neither advocating the return to primitive nature nor ecological management strategies that are superimposed by emerging artificial technologies. Rather, it aims to advocate that Nature-based Solutions are different from other ecological management strategies. The core value lies in that the power of science is used to re-interpret the natural system, and people should replace artificial technology with natural forces as the core part of the solution. Finally, based on the core values of Nature-based Solutions, the author derives inspiration from China's ecological construction: in the process of ecological restoration, we should build a new ecological system with integrated ecosystem services through ecological design and the rational integration of natural and artificial forces. We aim to address the sustainability challenges through systematic design.

    • Architectural Technology
    • WU Shuo-xian
      2019, 0(3):  45-47.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.045
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      This paper summarizes the early developmental stream of architectural acoustics in China, including some main expects and their relationship within this area.

    • CHEN Jing, MA Hui
      2019, 0(3):  48-53.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.048
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      In large interior spaces, the attenuation of sound energy in the indoor sound field is different from that of the conventional sound field. This study aimed to explore the characteristics of the indoor acoustic environment in large-space buildings through field measurements and a questionnaire. The indoor acoustic environments of eight large space buildings in three categories were investigated. The results revealed that large-space buildings with different functions have both different and similar characteristics in terms of the subjective evaluation of the acoustic environment. However, it is not ideal overall and needs further improvement. Traffic buildings and sports buildings should focus on the improvement of acoustic concordance, while spatial impression should be taken into consideration for exhibition buildings. These findings provide theoretical guidance for the acoustic design of different functional large space buildings.

    • ZHAO Ya-min
      2019, 0(3):  54-59.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.054
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      In this work, we explore the appropriate technical strategies of contemporary local architecture design in Fujian, a province with a subtropical monsoon climate. We illustrate the suitable technologies for climate adaptability, including insulation, rain protection, microclimate construction, body shaping, and material application. Based on this analysis, a systematic principle of climate adaptability has been proposed to aid architects use of suitable technologies when designing local buildings.
    • WANG Jing, XU Tuo
      2019, 0(3):  60-64.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.060
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      From 2015 to 2018, Singapore's Green Mark Green Building Evaluation Standard System has been completely upgraded on the basis of the old version. Through the comparison and analysis of the new and old versions, we find that the main changes are in the increase of standard applicable building types, the integration of specific standards for some building types, the continuation of the evaluation stage, the cancellation of certification level of evaluation, and the addition of indicators to reflect the evaluation stage and the characteristics of building types. Besides, the Green Mark standard breaks with the original framework and innovatively integrates the contents of the articles from the concept of "climate adaptation, comprehensive utilization of resources, and intelligent health." In 2018, China published the 'Green Building Evaluation Criteria' to solicit public opinion. The revised standard is to be promulgated soon. The revised ideas of Singapore's Green Mark criteria in the aspects of evaluation object, evaluation grading, category setting and article integration, can provide inspiration for the updating and revision of China's green building evaluation criteria.

    • YU Lei, XU Bo-wen, HOU Jia-nan
      2019, 0(3):  65-69.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.065
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      Green Building Assessment Standard (GBES) is not only an important technical regulation to guide green buildings' development, but also a necessary basis to judge whether a building design meets the required green building standards. Similar to the US's LEED standard and Japanese CASBEE standard, China has developed its own standard, the Assessment Standard for Green Building (ASGB), which considers the unique situation of China. However, since the ASGB standards are new, the scientific rationale behind ASGB needs to be improved. The British BREEAM was the first green building evaluation index of the world and is the leading comprehensive and integrative evaluation framework in green building evaluation. Therefore, it is useful to compare the BREEAM and the ASGB to enhance China's green building development. Based on the analysis of the differences between the ASGB and the BREEAM-NC (BREEAM for a new building), we found that China's indicators are mostly process control indicators, more than the process control indicators; while BREEAM-NC is mostly performance control indicators that emphasize effects control. This study has analyzed these two indexes from the indicator scopes, contents, and system frameworks. The result shows that the BREEAM-NC fits the goal and principle of green building development more than the ASBG. Therefore, China should strengthen the control of implementation effects of green buildings. The forthcoming green building evaluation standard has been improved based on the problems of the current ASGB.

    • Research on Design
    • YAN Yong-hong, HE Si-qi, HU Yun-qiu, ZHANG Wen-li
      2019, 0(3):  70-75.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.070
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      To investigate whether LED light exposure before work has an alerting effect on assembly-line workers, we have conducted an experiment in lounge rooms with different illuminance levels and two CCTs. Sleepiness, attention, and mood were tested. The results showed that LED light exposure improved morning alertness and reduced confusion which may be caused by taking a nap in the dark. Having a rest or taking a nap in dim light with a relatively lower CCT, enhanced workers' attention, increased alertness, and reduced confusion. Therefore, light exposure with a higher CCT and a lower illuminance level might alleviate fatigue effectively. Meanwhile, the current work-rest schedule may not match workers' general circadian time clocks, and the time for carrying out morning work seems to be early.
    • HUANG Zu-jian
      2019, 0(3):  76-81.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.076
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      The application of bamboo in the building industry is of great significance to China, where bamboo resources are widely distributed. To investigate the bamboo-building requirements on both the bamboo and building industries, the author has conducted an interview with Markus Heinsdorff, a German installation artist, to gain his evaluation of and suggestions on this issue. During the interview, he proposed that the industrial utilization of bamboo in China is worthy of exploration, but there are few solutions and many problems, including the understanding and application of bamboo properties to improve its durability and promote its application in the sustainable building market. Additionally, the natural defects of bamboo need to be overcome by conducting further studies, and additional design education is needed. The interview provides a valuable reference for the bamboo industry and the application of bamboo in the building industry in China.
    • ZUO Jin, SHI Ji-kang
      2019, 0(3):  82-88.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.082
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      With rapid urbanization, a lot of cities in China have entered the era of the parallel development of incremental planning and stock planning, and the central areas of cities are characterized by high density, high intensity and high complexity. As a result, a lot of serious security problems are challenging the development of these cities. Urban regeneration can be adopted as an important way to enhance the ability of disaster prevention and to improve the efficiency of emergency evacuation in high-density urban areas. In this paper, Site No.5 of Tianjin Xiao Bai Lou is selected as a research area. The author has carried out an in-depth investigation and analysis of the layout of architecture, public space, and crowd characteristics as the basic data, and simulates the preliminary renewal plan of Site No.5 of Tianjin Xiao Bai Lou using Anylogic software from the angle of emergency evacuation to analyse the core problems of crowd evacuation when faced with sudden disasters such as an earthquake. Then the author integrates the influencing factor of building property rights and housing protection value to carry out the feasibility evaluation of block regeneration, and superimposes the result of the feasibility evaluation and analogue simulation in oder to determine a target area for block regeneration. Finally, the optimal strategy of block regeneration, which is verified by simulation, is proposed in order to explore the most effective way of upgrading the emergency evacuation capability of traditional blocks of high density through urban regeneration.
    • LUO Jian-he, QIN Si-yuan, DING Yi, XIE Yu-chen
      2019, 0(3):  89-95.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.089
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      Driven by economic prosperity and developments in science and technology, diverse and comprehensive urban infrastructure construction has catalyzed the accumulation of vertical modern urban spaces. The transition from the development of single-use super high-rise building to the development of mixed-use super high-rise building is becoming increasingly obvious. This paper proposes the concept of "mixed-use super high-rise building" and specifies the meaning of this concept, highlighting the vertical superposition of multiple function buildings in the process of urban development and operation. The paper briefly describes the relevant background of the development of this concept, summarizes the historical theoretical changes in the mixed use of urban land and buildings, and reviews the birth and continuous exploration of super high-rise buildings in the United States, as well as the rapid development of these buildings in Asia, and especially in China. Thus, this paper presents a complete historical developmental context of mixed-use super high-rise building. Relevant data on mixed-use super high-rise buildings (over 250 meters tall) in China is also collated to analyze the development characteristics of these buildings and explain their differences. From the perspective of the essential characteristics of mixed-use super-tall building, the future development trends are described in terms of three dimensions: society, environment, and operation. It is predicted that vertical urban development will be the mainstream choice of urban expansion. The integration of sustainable development technology, multiple complex functions, and urban core transportation is required to support a high-density urban model.

    • ZHUANG Shao-pang
      2019, 0(3):  96-101.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.096
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      Tropical architecture is an important practical field of modernist architecture from the middle of the last century. Through vertical combing and horizontal comparison, tropical modernism architecture has progressed from practice to theory and education. Modern architecture in the tropics have different styles and landscapes because of differences in political, social, and economic conditions. The emphasis of tropical modern architecture has gradually shifted from simply improving the climate conditions of the environment, to the organic combination of the value of local culture, regional technology, and traditions, to express commonality at the technical and cultural level. Lingnan modern architecture has typical tropical characteristics and consists of the organic composition of global tropical modern architectures. Systematic research on the practice of tropical modernism in the 20th century can significantly expand the research field and provide a way to explore the historical and contemporary development of Lingnan modern architecture.
    • Urban and Rural Planning
    • ZHOU Xiang-sheng
      2019, 0(3):  102-107.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.102
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      The rural revitalization strategy is clearly put forward in the reports of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and the revitalization of villages is an important task for urban and rural development in the New Era. The rapid urbanization of China has caused the issue of rural hollowing.This phenomenon is particularly prominent, and it becomes the key issue in solving rural revitalization problems. In this paper, we took Sihui city as the research object, and attempted to identify three types of natural villages—sparrow village, hollowing village and remote village—by using multi-source data to establish a classification method. At the same time, we made a comprehensive evaluation of rural hollowing based on comprehensive scores of natural village units. Moreover, the author proposed implementation measures for the intensive development of rural hollowing using three aspects: establishing a classification and governance system, promoting the strategy of relocating villages, and improving the intensive development mechanism.

    • YAO Sheng, ZENG Chun-xia
      2019, 0(3):  108-113.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.108
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      The ongoing urban rail construction in China faces the challenge of separation between public transit stations and cities. This paper studies the strategies and methods of urban construction with the directional mode of station-city coordination in Japan to draws lessons from their urban rail construction strategies and integration of station-city development. Through the progress of track development in Japan, the surrounding area of the railway station has become the urban core, with the track network dominating the structure of urban space. Diverse operation of state-owned and private enterprises, strategies such as adjustment of land regionalization, projects of redevelopment, and the construction methods of station-city coordination have been constantly improved and perfected in Japan. Specifically, there are two modes of an urban development project based on rail transit, that is the nub station and new town in suburban. The former includes three types of development, including an urban area of large-scale TOD integrated development, a traffic hub center, and a regional site center, which contains the characteristics of multi-line development. The latter is characterized by development along the trail line, the creation of a new town as guided by public transportation. This paper aims to draw lessons from the experience of urban rail development in high-density cities of Japan and provide reference and inspiration for the promotion of efficient and intensive development of urban rail undertakings in China.
    • JIN Tan-hua, YANG Jun-yan, WANG Qiao, ZHEN Feng
      2019, 0(3):  114-120.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.114
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      Stable and subtle urban morphology data is the basis for researching urban stationery law, while the mobile phone signalling data containing dynamics of time and the accuracy of individual positioning is a fundamental tool for studying urban dynamic law. In this paper, the author takes Guangzhou SHANGXIAJIU Commercial District, which is representative of China's traditional business center, as an example. On the one hand, the spatial form of big data is utilized to characterize the static space from the dimensions of height, intensity and density; on the other hand, the mobile phone signalling data is utilized to simulate the dynamic structure of the population activities, the dynamic travel relationship, and the spatial-temporal distribution of people. In summary, in this study the author summarizes the activity characteristics and changing laws of the SHANGXIAJIU commercial center area from the two dimensions of dynamic and static, and provides empirical support for the spatial vitality law of the traditional urban commercial center.
    • SUN Yong-sheng
      2019, 0(3):  121-126.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2019.03.121
      Abstract    PDF ( )  
      With stock land development and urban regeneration, the conservation of industrial heritage has attracted more public attention but is faced with many challenges. Based on the case studies of Guangzhou and Jinan, this paper aims to rethink the problems of industrial heritage conservation by exploring an integrated conservation method that incorporates industrial heritage into urban development. Here, we build a preliminary framework of the conservation and utilization of urban industrial heritage, based on the construction of conservation systems, design of conservation institutions, integration of urban resources, and transmission of conservation information.