广州城乡老年人住宅夏季室内环境调查与实测

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2021.01.089

南方建筑 ›› 2021, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (1): 89-94.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2021.01.089

• 纵向基金资助研究课题 • 上一篇下一篇

广州城乡老年人住宅夏季室内环境调查与实测

　徐碧霞1，李琼2，吉野博3，唐培傑4，柳宇5，长谷川兼一6，键直树7

出版日期:2021-02-28 发布日期:2021-03-03
通讯作者: 李琼：华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室，研究员，电子邮箱：arliqiong@scut.edu.cn
作者简介:1 华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室，硕士研究生；2 华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室，研究员，通信作者，电子邮箱：arliqiong@scut.edu.cn；3 日本东北大学建筑系，名誉教授；4 华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室，博士研究生；5 日本工学院大学建筑系，教授；6 日本秋田县立大学，教授； 7 日本东京工业大学，副教授
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划（2020YFE0200300）：“一带一路”共建国家绿色建筑技术和标准研发与应用；国家自然科学基金（51778237）：湿热地区硬化路面淋水对城市街区热环境的调控机理研究；广州市科技计划项目（201804020017）: 地域特色与绿建技术融合的广州乡村既有建筑改造研究与示范；广州市科技计划项目（2020020030261）: 基于热环境与地域特色评价的广州市公交候车亭优化设计研究；华南理工大学中央高校基本科研业务费配套项目（2019ZD29）：热湿气候条件下建筑热质迁移机理研究。

The Survey and Field Measurements of the Summer Indoor Environment of Urban and Rural Elderly Residential Buildings in Guangzhou

XU Bi-xia, LI Qiong, YOSHINO Hiroshi, TANG Pei-jie, YANAGI U, HASEGAWA Kenichi, KAGI Naoki

Online:2021-02-28 Published:2021-03-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 　广州夏季高温高湿，基于广州城乡老年人的室内环境差异，通过问卷调查了解了116 名广州城乡老年人的室内居住环境，并对5 户典型城市及5 户典型农村65 岁以上居民住宅的夏季室内环境进行了对比实测研究，测量每户住宅的客厅，卧室和卫生间的温度、相对湿度及CO2、CO、PM2.5、挥发性有机物浓度。研究表明，广州农村住户夏季主要使用风扇降温，仅有约三分之一住户同时使用空调，而城市住户均使用空调，大部分住户同时使用风扇；广州农村住户夏季室内平均空气温度比城市住户低0.8 ℃，平均相对湿度比城市住户高21.6%；通风较差的住户室内CO2 浓度相对较高，所有实测城市及农村住户的CO、 PM2.5 的浓度都低于国家标准规定的极限值；广州城市住户的室内外PM2.5 浓度及室内总挥发性有机物的浓度总体高于农村住户。广州农村老年人住宅应加强防潮处理，城市老年人住宅应加强通风换气，优选环保家具。

关键词: 室内热环境, 室内湿环境, 老年人, 住宅, 空气品质, 挥发性有机物

Abstract: It is hot and humid during the summer in Guangzhou. Based on the difference in the urban and rural indoor environments where Guangzhou elderly live, the study seeks to explore the indoor environment of 116 urban and rural elderly in Guangzhou through a questionnaire survey. The investigation is conducted on the summer indoor environment by measuring and comparing five typical urban households and five typical rural households of 65+ elderly individuals. The temperature, relative humidity, and CO2, CO, PM2.5, VOC concentrations in the living room, bedroom, and bathroom of each house were measured. The study shows that rural households in Guangzhou mainly avoid summer heat using fans. Meanwhile, only about one-third of households use air conditioners. At the same time, all the urban residents use air conditioners, and most of them also use fans. Additionally, the average indoor air temperature in rural households in Guangzhou is 0.8 ° C lower than that of urban households. Further, the average relative humidity is 21.6% higher than that of urban households. The indoor CO2 concentration of households with poor ventilation is relatively high. The concentrations of CO and PM2.5 in all measured urban and rural households are lower than the national standards' limited values. The indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations and total indoor VOCs in urban households are generally higher than those in rural households. According to the research findings, Guangzhou rural elderly housing should be strengthened to prevent excessive moisture. Further, urban elderly housing conditions should be enhanced concerning ventilation, and the elderly should be encouraged to use ecological and sustainable furniture.

Key words: indoor thermal environment, indoor humidity environment, elderly, residential building, air quality, volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

徐碧霞, 李琼, 吉野博, 唐培傑, 柳宇, 长谷川兼一, 键直树. 广州城乡老年人住宅夏季室内环境调查与实测[J]. 南方建筑, 2021, 0(1): 89-94.

XU Bi-xia, LI Qiong, YOSHINO Hiroshi, TANG Pei-jie, YANAGI U, HASEGAWA Kenichi, KAGI Naoki. The Survey and Field Measurements of the Summer Indoor Environment of Urban and Rural Elderly Residential Buildings in Guangzhou [J]. South Architecture, 2021, 0(1): 89-94.

参考文献

[1]徐雪洁.我国农村人口老龄化问题研究[D].西安：西安工业大学,2018.
XU Xue-Jie.Research on the Aging of Rural Population in China[D].Xi’an: Xi’an Technological University,2018.
[2]SAURABH Shrivastava,PRATEEK Shrivastava,JEGADEESH Ramasamy.Preventing diseases through promotion of a healthier environment: World Health Organization[J]. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health,2016,9(5).
[3]李念平,方雪苗,卫兆欣,等.湘西地区冬季住宅热环境与老年人热舒适研究[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2019,46(7):123-128.
LI Nian-Ping,FANG Xue-Miao,WEI Zhao-Xin,et al. Research on Thermal Environment of Residences and Thermal Comfort Sensation of Elderly in Rural Areas of Western Hunan in Winter[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences) ,2019,46(7):123-128.
[4]王志盟,吕阳,赵桐可,等.室内环境与高龄者血压的关联性——以大连市供暖季为例[J].中国环境科学,2019,39(5):2190-2201.
WANG Zhi-Meng,LV Yang,ZHAO Ke-Tong,et al. Association between indoor environment and blood pressure in the elderly：A pilot study in Dalian during heating season[J].Chinese Environmental Science, 2019,39(5):2190-2201.
[5]李振海,吴婷,章睿妍,等.上海城区老年人心血管疾患与冬季居住环境调查[J].建筑热能通风空调,2018,37(12):1-6.
LI Zhen-Hai,WU Ting,ZHANG Rui-Yan,et al.Investigation on Cardiovascular Diseases and Winter Living Environment of the Elderly in Shanghai Urban Area[J]. Building Energy & Environment,2018,37(12):1-6.
[6]FAN Guang-Tao,XIE Jing-Chao,YOSHINO Hiroshi,et al. Indoor environmental conditions in urban and rural homes with older people during heating season: A case in cold region, China[J]. Energy & Buildings,2018,167.
[7]王嫒,黄薇,汪彤,等.患心血管病老年人夏季PM 2.5和CO的暴露特征及评价[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(9):1005-1008.
WANG Ai,HUANG Wei,WANG Tong,et al.Characterization and Assessment of Exposure to PM2.5 and CO for a Cardiovascular Elderly Panel in Summer in Beijing[J]. Chinese Environmental Science,2009,29(9):1005-1008.
[8]殷文军,彭晓武,宋世震,等.广州市空气污染与城区居民心脑血管疾病死亡的时间序列分析[J].环境与健康杂志,2012,29(6):521-525+577.
YIN Wen-Jun,PENG Xiao-Wu,SONG Shi-Zhen,et al.Air Pollution and the Cerebro Cardio -vascular Diseases Mortality of Population in Guangzhou: a Time -series Analysis [J].Journal of Environment and Health,2012,29(6):521-525+577.
[9]姚新玲.上海养老机构老年人居室热环境调查及分析[J].暖通空调,2011,41(12):66-70.
YAO Xin-Ling. Investigation an Analysis of Thermal Environment in Welfare Centers for the Aged in Shanghai[J].Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning, 2011,41(12):66-70.
[10]刘雪麒,岳鹏.太原市改造型养老院冬季室内热环境状况调查研究[J].暖通空调,2019,49(7):120-127.
LIU Xue-Lin,YUE Peng.Inevesitigation and Study on Winter Indoor Thermal Environment of Reconstructed Nursing Homes for the Elderly in Taiyun[J].Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning, 2019,49(7):120-127.
[11]李昊,李琼,孟庆林,等.广州市老年人使用空气调节设备状况及对健康影响调查[J].南方建筑,2019(2):37-42.
LI Hao,LI Qiong,MENG Qing-Lin,et al.Investigation into the Usage and Health Effects of Air-conditioning Equipment used by the Elderly in Guangzhou[J].South Architecture,2019(2):37-42.
[12]Japanese Standards Association, JIS A 1962: 2005: Determination of Formaldehyde and Other Carbonyl Compounds in Indoor Air and Test Chamber Air Active Sampling Method, Japanese Standards Association, Tokyo, Japan, 2005 (in Japanese).
[13]Japanese Standards Association, JIS A 1966: 2005: Indoor Air –Sampling and Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds by Sorbent Tube/Thermal Desorption/Capillary Gas Chromatography Pumped Sampling, Japanese Standards Association, Tokyo, Japan, 2005 (in Japanese).
[14]室内空气质量标准: GB/T 18883-2002 [S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2003.
Indoor Air Quality Standard: GB/T 18883-2002 [S].Beijing: China Environmental Science Press,2003.
[15]吴波．危险的气候——温室效应[M]．北京：现代出版社，2013：22.
WU Bo.Dangerous Climate-Greenhouse Effect[M].Beijing: Modern Press,2013:22.
[16]建筑通风效果测试与评价标准:JGJ/T 309-2013 [S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2013.
The Standard of the Measurement and Evaluation for Efficiency of Building Ventilation:JGJ/T 309-2013 [S].Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press,2013.
[17]刘秀华,钟志京,邓义,等.新装修居室内空气中有机污染物的定性分析[J].环境与健康杂志,2006(2):165-167.
LIU Xiu-Hua,ZHONG Zhi-Jing,DENG Yi,et al. Qualitative Analysis of Organic Pollutants in Indoor Air of Newly Decorated Houses[J]. Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning, 2006(2):165-167.
[18]ZHANG Hui-Bo,CHEN Ya,RUI Jing-Wen,et al.Effects of Thermal Environment on Elderly in Urban and Rural Houses During Heating Season in a Severe Cold Region of China[J].Energy & Buildings,2019,198.
[19]卫兆欣,李念平,方雪苗，等.湖南城乡地区老年人冬季室内环境研究[J].建筑科学,2019,35(6):35-40.
WEI Zhao-Xin,LI Nian-Ping,FANG Xue-Miao,et al.Study on Indoor Environment of Urban and Rural Residential Buildings for the Aged in Hunan in Winter[J].Building Science,2019,35(6):35-40.
[20]史立刚,闫洪哲,程新宇,等.基于冬季适老风环境模拟的寒地建筑形态优化方法[J].西部人居环境学刊,2020, 35(5): 62-68.
[21]徐晓曼，缪军.广州市养老设施空间布局研究[J].南方建筑,2020 (5): 98-104.
XU Xiao-man,MIAO Jun.Study on the Spatial Distribution of Pension Facilities in Guangzhou[J].South Architecture,2020 (5): 98-104.

广州城乡老年人住宅夏季室内环境调查与实测

The Survey and Field Measurements of the Summer Indoor Environment of Urban and Rural Elderly Residential Buildings in Guangzhou

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	陈珊, 刘嘉, 陈春一. 代际支持背景下老年人社区服务设施需求特征研究——以深圳公共住房为例#br#[J]. 南方建筑, 2024, 0(2): 82-93.
[2]	黄丽蒂, 刘双双 , 郑博丹, 卫大可. 面向老龄社会的社区建成环境可步行性测度研究[J]. 南方建筑, 2024, 0(1): 107-114.
[3]	袁青, 李泓锐, 冷红. 冬季滨江空间环境感知对老年人心理健康影响研究——以哈尔滨市为例[J]. 南方建筑, 2023, 0(6): 96-106.
[4]	卢杉, 舒平, 汪丽君. 住区绿地空间恢复性特征促进老年人心理健康的路径与效应[J]. 南方建筑, 2023, 0(10): 11-19.
[5]	汪珊珊, 武玉艳, 汪留成. 高寒气候下集合住宅顶层节能设计策略研究——以西宁为例#br#[J]. 南方建筑, 2023, 0(1): 72-80.
[6]	袁琦, 陈泳. 认知衰退视角下的老年宜步行环境研究——以上海市中心城区生活街道为例[J]. 南方建筑, 2022, 0(5): 64-72.
[7]	李智兴, 史学鹏, 田密蜜. 住宅建筑气候适应性优化设计研究[J]. 南方建筑, 2022, 0(4): 8-16.
[8]	吴佳倩, 李飚, 莫怡晨. 建筑工业化视角下的高层住宅立面自动生成[J]. 南方建筑, 2022, 0(4): 25-31.
[9]	索健, 仲文, 滕敏伶, 任欣欣. 既有住区宅间环境对老年人活动的影响研究——以大连为例#br#[J]. 南方建筑, 2022, 0(2): 32-39.
[10]	陈晓卫, 刘维峰, 杨彩虹. 城市公园建成环境要素对老年人活动影响研究[J]. 南方建筑, 2022, 0(12): 93-103.
[11]	吴屹豪, 王红. 地域主义视野下院落式住宅空间量化传承研究[J]. 南方建筑, 2022, 0(11): 31-40.
[12]	蔡志昶, 蔡慧, 徐一帆. 中美失智老年人照料单元空间设计对比研究[J]. 南方建筑, 2022, 0(11): 50-59.
[13]	褚冬竹, 沈方圆. 城市轨道交通换乘序列空间适老对策探析[J]. 南方建筑, 2021, 0(4): 39-46.
[14]	陈崇贤, 罗玮菁, 李海薇, 等. 居住区景观环境与老年人健康关系研究进展[J]. 南方建筑, 2021, 0(3): 22-28.
[15]	李如如, 袁奇峰. “高低配”住宅小区问题分析、形成机制及改善建议——以广州为例[J]. 南方建筑, 2021, 0(3): 106-113.