Abstract: The enclosed fields are the most representative area in the agricultural landscape of the Pearl River Delta, where many traditional settlements are distributed. The ecological wisdom used to build settlements has been demonstrated in various aspects such as site selection, site construction, and space construction. This article explores the representative traditional settlements in the enclosed fields by analysing the landscape environment of the settlements at the macro, meso, and micro levels. The research reveals that the macro-environment of traditional settlements reflects the ecological wisdom of "living and working in peace" which is manifested in the settlement site selection and agricultural production system recycling adapted to local conditions. The meso-environment embodies the ecological wisdom of "settling one's life", including functional places that provide utility and spiritual places that carry the intangible cultural heritage of the settlement. The micro-environment embodies the ecological wisdom of "reasonable peace of mind" and is manifested in a safe and comfortable private courtyard and residential buildings that adapt to the climate.

Key words: enclosed fields, traditional settlement, ecological wisdom, landscape environment

摘要： 围田区是珠三角地区的农业景观中最具有代表性的区域，众多传统聚落分布其中，从选址布局、场所构建、空间营造等各个方面都显现了人们营造聚落的生态智慧。以围田区内具有代表性的传统聚落为研究对象，对聚落的景观环境从宏观、中观和微观3 个层次进行分析，揭示传统聚落的宏观环境体现了人们“安居乐业”的生态智慧，表现为因地制宜的聚落择址和循环利用的农业生产体系；中观环境体现的是“安身立命”的生态智慧，包括满足使用功能的功能性场所和承载聚落非物质文化遗产的精神性场所；微观环境则体现“心安理得”的生态智慧，表现为安心舒适的庭院空间和顺应气候的民居建筑。

关键词: 围田区, 传统聚落, 生态智慧, 景观环境