关键词: 多元景观营造, 声景, 香景, 光景, 诗词

Abstract: Shuoxian Wu, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), is an outstanding researcher in the science of human settlements and has made significant achievements in literature and poetry. Based on the high-level scientific and humanistic literacy, he has explored the soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape of various natural and human social activities described in the Book of Songs. In recent years, he has written poems daily and published two collections of original poems from 2016 to 2021, namely Eternal Chant Poetry Collection and A Sequel to Eternal Chant Poetry Collection. The contents mainly focus on his observations and thinkings about what he sees and hears daily. Among them, more than 100 poems describe the soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape, closely related to people's lives, and at least 49 poems about the theme of lightscape only. These poems laid the foundation for his new concept of "integration of soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape" in diversified  landscape construction. Based on the interpretation and analysis of these poems, this study aims to summarize the characteristics of soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape, summarize relevant construction techniques, and provide ideas for diversified  landscape construction of human settlement environment. 
　　Firstly, soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape are time-dependent and closely related to day-night alternation and seasonal changes. The poems describe the changing soundscape and smellscape throughout the year, such as the sound of the cuckoo in spring and the cicadas in summer, the fragrance of rapeseed flowers in spring and osmanthus in autumn, and the lightscape of light and shadow changing with natural light during the day and night, as seen in "flower shadows filling the window screens". Secondly, the soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape have distinct regional and cultural characteristics. Unique soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape are derived based on unique regional culture, environmental characteristics, and lifestyles, such as the intangible cultural heritage of soundscape in the Guangdong Deqing Confucius Temple, the water scenery lightscape of Jiangnan Water Town, and the smellscape of beer fragrance in the Huangdao District of Qingdao. The soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape  are crucial factors that contribute to homesickness and prevent uniformity in different cities. Furthermore, they trigger different degrees of physiological and psychological changes in people by influencing their perceptions. 
　　In practice, the integration of soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape can be applied to different scales of urban spaces, thus creating a living environment that "enjoy pleasant sounds, beautiful scenery, and delightful fragrances". As such, the soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape and diversified landscape with temporal, spatial, and regional cultural characteristics can be integrated successfully, such as the Quanli Town in Chongqing and the garden landscapes described in poems. Soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape can be both artificial and natural. Natural soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape can be constructed through vegetation planting, topographic landscape construction, and building elements. Meanwhile, artificial soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape with regional characteristics can be protected and constructed. Hence, diversified  landscapes with the artistic conception of scenes, regional cultural features, and functions of healing and guiding are formed. Moreover, soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape with a sense of the times could be formed by combining modern technologies. Based on multi-level sensory perception, people can perceive soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape at all times and in all places in daily life. For example, Water Town in South China is a typical landscape that integrates soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape, manifested by the sound of singing while oaring, the fragrance of wine, and the reflection of stone bridges in rivers, respectively. There are many exquisite garden designs integrating soundscape, smellscape, and lightscape.
　　Research on the interaction of hearing, smell, vision, and other senses has attracted increasingly more attention in recent years. Accordingly, the integration of soundscape,smellscape and lightscape in diversified landscape construction has organically become a research hotspot in the future. The goal of constructing soundscape, smellscape, lightscape, and diversified  landscape is to create positive diversified  landscapes with regional cultural characteristics in time and space, thus improving the quality of living environments. By interpreting and analyzing two poem collections by the academician Wu, this study is expected to provide references to realize the overall quality improvement of human settlements.

Key words: diversified landscape construction, soundscape, smellscape, lightscape, poems