权力视角下的风景资源时空格局研究——以南京钟山风景区为例#br#

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2023.04.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以南京钟山风景区为例，基于权力视角探究风景资源的时空格局，为其保护范围的划定、特色品牌的塑造提供实践参考，也为风景园林历史与理论研究提供方法借鉴。运用ArcGIS平台及Ripley’s L指数等方法。①时间演变。数量呈V形变化，民国最多。封建时期主要受皇权影响，民国则受官权影响。②空间扩展。分布重心由鸡笼山、覆舟山向钟山东侧移动。③空间格局。五类风景资源随着距离的增加集聚强度均先升高再降低。历史名园的空间尺度最大为522.023m，纪念建筑的集聚强度最高为980.311。揭示了权力对景源时空格局的影响机制，证明了基于园林文献史料构建山水名胜历史地理信息系统的可行性。

关键词: 　风景园林, 历史风景资源, 时空格局, 权力, 钟山风景区

Abstract: It is essential to study the spatial-temporal pattern of landscape resources in Zhongshan Scenic Area in Nanjing from the perspective of power. This explores landscape resource generation mechanisms, deepens understanding of diversified issues in garden construction, and provides references for landscape resource protection, creation of unique brands, selecting garden sites, and informs greenland and landscape source construction from the contemporary public perspective. Spatial-temporal patterns of landscape resources were explored based on the historical geographic information system (GIS) by using the nearest neighbour index, standard deviational ellipse analysis, Ripley's L index, and kernel density analysis. ① Temporal evolution. Historical landscape resource quantity in Zhongshan decreased, then declined, and finally increased quickly. Landscape resources can be dated back to the Six Dynasties. There were few landscape resources in Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Song, and Yuan Dynasties, but it achieved a rapid growth during the Ming Dynasty. The quantity of landscape resources peaked during the Republic of China. Landscape resources are mainly dominated by human resources. The imperial power mainly occupies landscape architecture, mausoleum, cemetery, and religious buildings. Religious power exists in religious buildings. Official power concentrates in historically-famous gardens and religious buildings. The imperial power, official power, and religious power demonstrate dislocated development. Imperial power takes the dominant role during Six Dynasties and Ming Dynasty. In the Six Dynasties, the number of royal tombs and cemeteries and historical famous gardens accounted for 50.4% of structures. The number of royal tombs and cemeteries and memorial buildings accounted for 45.7% of structures during the Ming Dynasty. Influenced by official power during the Republic of China, the number of mausoleums and cemeteries, memorial buildings, and recreational buildings which were built by politicians accounted for 65.4%. ② Spatial expansion. Historical scenic resources are concentrated in Zhongshan Tudorling, Dulongfu, Xiaomaofeng, Linggu Temple and Qianhu, Jilong Mountain, Xuanwu Lake Liangzhou, etc. From the Six Dynasties to the Ming Dynasty, the distribution of landscape resources was mainly focused in Jilong Mountain, Fuzhou Mountain, and the area around Tudorling on the west side of Zhongshan. During the Republic of China, landscape resources are mainly concentrated in the East Butte of Zhongshan and Xiaomaofeng. The distribution centre of landscape resources shifted from northeast to southeast, then to northwest during the Qing Dynasty, before returning southeast during the Republic of China. Generally, the distribution centre of landscape resources has been located at 118.813°-118.822° E, 32.062°-32.064° N except during the Republic of China. ③ Spatial patterns. The clustering of five types of landscape resources, including religious buildings, scenic buildings, memorial buildings, historical famous gardens, and mausoleums, increased and then decreased. The clustering intensity indexes of memorial buildings, historical famous gardens, and mausoleums were 980.311, 709.997, and 450.495 respectively. Spatial patterns were different depending on the different types of landscape resources, which were closely related with construction time, power intervention, and landscape source types. Memorial buildings, historical famous gardens, and mausoleums influenced by imperial power and official power exhibited the highest degree of clustering. The influencing mechanism of power on landscape resource formation was extrapolated. A historical GIS database of landscape resources in Zhongshan was systematically constructed. Geographic spatial data was collected from literature. This data proved the feasibility of studying historical landscape resources based on literature and historical data.

Key words: , landscape gardens, historical landscape resources, spatial-temporal pattern, power, Zhongshan Scenic Area

中图分类号:

TU985.13

白雪锋, 许浩, 焦鑫宇. 权力视角下的风景资源时空格局研究——以南京钟山风景区为例#br#[J]. 南方建筑, 2023, 0(4): 79-88.

BAI Xuefeng, XU Hao, JIAO Xinyu. he Spatial-Temporal Pattern of Landscape Resources from the Perspective of Power : A Case Study Based on Zhongshan Scenic Area in Nanjing#br#

#br#

[J]. South Architecture, 2023, 0(4): 79-88.

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