South Architecture

Research on Height Control Domain of Square Landmarks Based on Building #br# Visual Field

ZHAO Jian-bo, YI Wen-bo

2020, 0(1): 1-06. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.001

Abstract

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ABSTRACT　Building visual fields is an important method to describe the degree to which volume and space
scale affect people's visual psychological perceptions. Visual fields combined with related visual mechanisms and
psychophysics are used to quantify and analyse the degree to which people's visual psychology is influenced by
the height of landmarks in classic Italian dominant square cases. The general visual rules are generalised and the
coupling relationship between the height of landmarks and the square scale in a state of visual balance is revealed.
The aim is to provide suggestive design guidelines for the height setting of landmarks in today's square space.

The Discussion of Folk Residential Architecture

LU Qi, LAU Gwok-wai

2020, 0(1): 7-10. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.007

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ABSTRACT　Taking the construction of the Discipline of Folk Residential Architecture as a starting point, and by
reviewing the research process of domestic residential architecture from the beginning of the 20th century to the
present, this study categorises and determines important contents such as research, objects, and methods at the
"Discipline of Folk Residential Architecture " level. Over the past 100 years, the development of domestic residential
architecture as a discipline has resulted in its research objects, contents and methods gradually emerging, and the
subject attributes of residential architecture have increasingly become clear, which should be noted today. Serving
as a modest spur to induce scholars to come forward with their valuable contributions, this study was undertaken
with an aim to spark debate in academic circles and relevant industries and to encourage extensive discussion,
criticism, and guidance the purpose is to encourage the scholars to jointly promote the development of the
Discipline of Folk Residential Architecture.

Identification and Evaluation of Urban Centre Systems Based on Multi-source #br# Big Data: Using Nanjing as an Example

QIN Shi-wen, YANG Jun-yan, LIAO Zi-ran

2020, 0(1): 11-19. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.011

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ABSTRACT　A clear understanding of urban structures is the basis for this research of urban centre systems.
However, there are many problems with the identification methods for the current urban centre systems, such
as low precision, high costs, and a single dimension. Sorting the existing research on urban centre systems
revealed they can be characterized by people distribution, urban morphology and industry. Spatial-aided analysis
technology based on big data helps us understand the actual distribution situation of the three elements, and
enables more accurate identification of the distribution state of urban centre systems. Based on the distribution and
distribution degree of each element, a detailed analysis was performed on the local sections of central systems,
and showed that urban centre systems are not only the centre of a single dimension, but rather an organic
whole supported by multiple elements. With Nanjing city as an example, this paper explores the feasibility of
technical methods, and attempts to build a theoretical framework for the technical method of urban centre system
measurements, based on multi-source big data. Further expansion and adjustment of the theory and practice
of urban centre systems would allow continuous innovation and development to adapt to the needs of different
situations.

The Impacts of American Beaux-Arts Education on the First Architects in #br# Modern China：Taking Yen Chih Lu and Sik Chung Yeung at Cornell University #br# as Examples

XUE Ying

2020, 0(1): 20-27. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.020

Abstract

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ABSTRACT　The aim of the paper is to study the formation of the academic design logic of the first generation
of Chinese architects studying in America, namely Yen Chih Lu and Sik Chung Yeung, who accepted American
Beaux-Arts Education at Cornell University in the 1910s. By studying their school and practice design works, this
paper tries to interpret the design concepts generated under the Beaux-Arts system. It was found that their design
styles originated from their American Beaux-Arts education school days. By virtue of their American Beaux-Arts
education, China's first generation of architects tended to integrate Western classical revival style and creatively
led Chinese style. Therefore, the American Beaux-Arts education influenced the first generation of modern Chinese
architects and their architectural design.

Strategies of Green Building "Archetype - Translation" Based on Regional #br# climate：A Case Study of "Green" Buildings in Singapore#br#

ZHENG Yuan, WANG Zhu, QIAN Zhen-lan, WANG Zhuo-yao, FU Jia-yan

2020, 0(1): 28-34. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.028

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ABSTRACT　This paper analyses and interprets the inheritance and development of construction strategies for
Singapore's "green" buildings based on regional climate, to provide reference and inspiration for the development
of "green" buildings in China. From the perspective of the specific climate of Singapore, we analyse the climate
response strategies embodied in its traditional buildings and discusses how this can be translated to the construction
of contemporary "green" buildings in terms of graphic design, building materials, ventilation design, interior layout,
and bio-climatic interface. Singapore's "green" building practices fully reflect the inheritance and continuation of
traditional ecological wisdom in the contemporary era, and it adapts to the changes in the volume and function of
contemporary architecture with today's design methods and technical means. Through "Archetype - Translation",
we can inherit and advance traditional technology and experience, which is conducive to the construction of "green"
buildings that adapt to the environment, save energy, and have distinctive regional features.

Overview of Traditional Village Research in Domestic Architecture over The #br# Past Ten Years By Citespace

LI Li-min, GUO Yi-qi, SONG Peng

2020, 0(1): 35-40. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.035

Abstract

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ABSTRACT　Research into the protection and development of traditional villages had been the emphasis of a
number of disciplines, and billions of dollars in investment has been injected and the country has paid increasing
attention to the issue day by day in recent decades. Based on the traditional village research in Architecture and
Civil Engineering from CNKI in the past decade, this paper analysed the trend and relationship between different
research by mapping knowledge domains with CiteSpace Software. From the perspective of architecture, the
research is divided into four categories: comprehensive research, spatial patterns, the cultural landscape and
features, and literature reviewed of new perspectives, methods, and research ideas. By summarizing the research
results of traditional village architecture in China in the past 10 years, this study may provide theoretical support
for the protection, development, and practices of traditional villages in China and contribute to rural revitalization.
Inevitably, using CNKI architecture literature as the source of data retrieval there are omissions. There are also
limitations when classifying traditional village studies. We hope that this study serves as a modest incentive to
induce researchers to come forward with their valuable contributions.

Breakthrough Traditional Thinking and Standards to Discuss Library Space Design#br#

#br#

MAO Zhuo-ying, XIAO Da-wei, SHAO Song

2020, 0(1): 41-46. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.041

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The advancements of the Internet and other digital technology has affected the space and form functions of libraries, which has inevitably caused sudden changes in library spatial form and design concepts. Using the method of comparison and analysis, this paper points out the shortcomings of current library design under the guidance of the existing norms and traditional thinking, such as poor functional adaptability, single spatial pattern, lack of flexibility, insufficient experiential and individualized learning space, poor spatial accessibility and recognizability, and so on. At the same time, it puts forward the principle that library space function should change with the times, that is, e-books and service entertainment should lead the innovation of reading spaces; digital and network technology should lead the integration and innovation of "virtual" and "realistic" spaces; the flexible evolution and outstanding mobility of the creator space should lead the parallel development of island space, atmosphere space and creator research space; and with the pluralistic development of space and function, the library becomes the landmark of the city.

A Study of the Partial Renewal Method of Old Inner Cities Based on #br# Wind Environment Simulation: A Case Study of Taiping Street, Changsha#br#

#br#

LIU Peng-fei, ZOU Fang, OUYANG Hui-ting, WU Jun-peng

2020, 0(1): 47-52. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.047

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The study of wind environments in old inner cities is of extreme urgency due to their high building density and lack of open spaces and green land. Based on computational fluid dynamics technology, this paper analyses the improvement effects of the wind environment of the old urban area of Taiping Street in Changsha. Two partial renewal methods were compared the addition of open space and unblocking existing street patterns. The results show: (1) The wind environment on Taiping streets is harsh with the current average wind speed only 0.94m/s (initial value: 2.3m/s) which is lower than the comfortable wind speed (1.0~5.0m/s); (2) The above two renewal methods could effectively improve the wind environment in the old inner cities and also increase the overall speed by 13% and 26%, respectively. This study expands the empirical research case for the wind environment study at a micro level, and also provides scientific evidence for the selection of the renewal methods oriented to the old inner cities.

Research on the Formation, Development, Upgrading, and Transformation of #br# Specialised Towns in the Pearl River Delta

YANG Shu-ya, TIAN Yin-sheng

2020, 0(1): 53-59. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.053

Abstract

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ABSTRACT　Since China's reform and opening up policies, rural industrialisation in the Pearl River Delta has
achieved rapid development. Specialised towns have been formed through bottom-up rural industrialisation and
decentralisation reform. Industrial agglomeration, spontaneous economic development of rural communities, and
positive guidance from the government have promoted the industrial development of specialised towns. Based on
the relevant literature, the formation of specialised towns as well as their spatial features and structural evolution
were analysed. These specialised towns are currently undergoing peri-urbanisation. Based on current barriers
against industrial and spatial development of professional towns in the Pearl River Delta, the major method of
transformation is through the upgrade and alteration of current industries.

Research on Spectatorship of Exhibition Space Based on #br# Three-dimensional Cumulative Visualization

HU Yi-ke, LI Peng-fei, WANG Zhi-qiang

2020, 0(1): 60-66. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.060

Abstract

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ABSTRACT　This paper reveals the relationship between three-dimensional cumulative visibility distribution and
the spectatorship of crowds in exhibition spaces, and how these provide the basis for optimal design. The second
floor of the exhibition hall of the Tianjin Art Museum was used as an example for specific analysis using the threedimensional cumulative visual method, as the museum expounds this principle with motion paths, and the exhibition
space is classified as a form of path. This paper compared behaviour annotation with the results of the threedimensional cumulative visual analysis, then explored the relationship between the spectatorship of the crowd and
the three-dimensional cumulative visibility distribution and found they were positively correlated. In areas with high
cumulative visibility, the spectatorship aggregation phenomenon appeared. In areas with low cumulative visibility,
there was little crowd spectatorship. The research on the three-dimensional cumulative visual analysis method
adopted to study the relationship between human visual experience and behaviour is both feasible and necessary
and is of great significance to the design and optimization of architectural spaces.

The Spatial Revolution of the Miao and Dong Traditional Folk Houses in #br# Southeast of Guizhou

DENG Shu-yang, HAN Ping

2020, 0(1): 67-72. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.067

Abstract

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ABSTRACT　This paper discusses the specific manifestation and development trend of the spatial form changes
in Miao and Dong houses in Southeast Guizhou and records the scientific texture of these traditional buildings after
visiting stockade villages of Dong and Miao people in Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture in
Guizhou. We performed literature sorting, contrast analysis and summarising. It was found that with the changes in
the natural environment, ethnic integration, technical progress, and modern lifestyles, as time goes by the dynamic
evolution of the traditional dwelling spaces of the Miao and Dong nationalities is enhanced. This illustrates the
adaptation of the Miao and Wa compatriots to the changing living environment and the collision of tradition with
multiculturalism and modern technology. It is also an inevitable trend for traditional residential space to adapt to the
development of modern life.

Research on the Design Strategies of Comprehensive Primary and #br# Secondary School Campus in Urban City

SU Xiao-yue, TAO Zhi

2020, 0(1): 73-80. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.073

Abstract

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ABSTRACT　This research attempts to respond to the challenges facing the construction of urban primary and
secondary school campuses caused by the conflicts between the shortage of land, the continuous improvement of
construction standards, and the new requirements for achieving the goal of national education modernization. From
the perspective of design methodology, and under the principles of prioritising functions and conforming to quality
education requirements, this research divides the spatial organization forms into corridors, linear, courtyards, and
centralized forms according to their integration intensity of function from low to high. At the same time, by referring
to related design cases, this research analyses the advantages and disadvantages, adaptability and design
strategies of diversified learning spaces of the four forms, aiming to provide methods and ideas for the construction
of comprehensive primary and secondary schools in cities.

Study on General Planning for Transformation and Renovation of Hospitals in #br# the Central District of Guangzhou

ZHANG Chun-yang, GUO Jun

2020, 0(1): 81-87. DOI: DOI　10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.081

Abstract

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ABSTRACT　Hospitals in central cities represent the main body of urban medical systems, therefore, the scientific
and reasonable master plan is important for efficient operation and sustainable development of these hospitals. The
aim of this research is to explore suitable transformation and renovation strategies using analysis of typical problems
existing in hospital master plans. Based on field investigations, this article studies the current layout patterns of
hospitals and analyses the typical problems faced by the hospitals in the central district of Guangzhou, such as
insufficient land area, inadequate function streamlines, poor traffic organization and outdoor environment etc.
Suitable transformation and renovation strategies are put forward based on experience in planning and design of
medical buildings, thus providing a valuable reference for the construction and development of hospitals in central
cities.

Study on the Space Mode and Characteristics of Modern Gymnasiums in China

YU Ru-qing, QIAN Feng

2020, 0(1): 88-93. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.088

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ABSTRACT　At present, scholars at home and abroad mainly focus on individual case studies of modern
Chinese gymnasiums, and seldom study their spatial patterns and characteristics. This paper collects relevant
data for classification and sorting, based on a summarized historical evolution process, and obtains typical
spatial patterns: parallelism, attachment, enclosure, superposition, and studies functional composition and spatial
characteristics of modern Chinese gymnasiums.

POE of Chongqing West Railway Station Based on AHP-Fuzzy#br# Comprehensive Evaluation

XIE Yu-hong, CHEN Jian-hua, SUN Sui-ping

2020, 0(1): 94-100. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.094

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ABSTRACT　Chongqing West Railway Station is a super-huge railway station in China. Its design draws on a
large number of railway stations of a previous architectural stage, but with several improvements. The purpose of the
study is to evaluate the satisfaction of passengers to the built environment of Chongqing West Railway Station. Using
investigations, the evaluation hierarchy model is constructed and the AHP- Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method
is adopted to calculate the weight of factors and determine the degree of membership grade. The comprehensive
evaluation of Chongqing West Railway Station resulted in a relatively good rating, with some of the improved design
aspects having a remarkable effect. But there are still some outstanding problems, such as urban traffic connection,
garage entrance and exit, humanized facilities and so on, which need urgent correction. Some reasonable
suggestions are put forward for the improvement of the above factors, including when planning passenger stations,
they ought to be situated within the borders of different administrative regions; super-huge traffic buildings should
adopt more relaxed and fault-tolerant garage design; add contact points and increase the number of plugs, etc.
Based on concrete and feasible evaluation results, this paper provides a reference for the further optimization design
of railway passenger stations.

Redistribution of Pedestrians by Metro Stations in a Street Network: #br# A Case Study on Gongyuanqian Metro Station of Guangzhou, China

PAN Ai-jing, BIAN Hong-bin, HE Jie

2020, 0(1): 101-107. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.101

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ABSTRACT　The paper focuses on the Beijing Road Commercial District of Guangzhou, China. Next to this
typical traditional commercial district, the nearby Gongyuanqian Metro Station, constructed after the commercial
district, is selected as an empirical case. Through investigation, we analysed the relationship between underground
spaces and the street networks of this area. Base on observation data of pedestrian flows and trajectories,
behaviour simulation and GIS spatial analysis were performed to highlight the attraction and redistribution of
pedestrians in Beijing Road Commercial Business District via Gongyuanqian Metro Station. The service scope
and functions of the ground exits were evaluated to reveal their performance and roles in promoting regional
development for commercial and business benefits. The study provides a reference for the development of new
commercial districts in other cities by means of the in-depth interpretation of the successful development of the
Beijing Road Commercial District

Field Assessments of Physical Environment and Climate Responsibility #br# Analysis of Dwellings in Southwest of Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture

ZHANG Zhen-zhen, HU Yi-ke

2020, 0(1): 108-114. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.108

Abstract

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ABSTRACT　This paper aims to clarify the advantages and disadvantages of a traditional slate house system in
the Southwestern Guizhou Province compared with new residential systems in terms of climate adaptability. It aims
to provide important guidance on optimization strategies for the design and construction of regional residential
buildings. The slate house is compared with the new house by evaluating continuous outdoor and indoor physical
environments in winter and summer. Together with a questionnaire, the study analyses and summarizes some of
the design and construction strategies for the regional residential construction system. The research shows that,
compared with new dwellings, traditional materials and organization of spaces in older systems have more potential
for microclimate regulation and adaptabilitys. Finally, the research proposes that the continuous ventilation space
combined with Tangwu and Tunkou in older systems are based on passive strategies. In consideration of modern
lifestyles and develop patterns, fundamental house system models based on climate responsibility is a crucial key
to improve indoor thermal comfort and living conditions.

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Cultural Creative Industries in #br# Downtown Beijing

QIU Ning , LI Ze , HAN Xin-yu

2020, 0(1): 115-120. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.115

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ABSTRACT　 The spatial distribution of cultural creative industries have a profound impact on the social system,
and economic structure of a city. These attributes have attracted continuous attention. In this study, the spatial
distribution of cultural creative industries in downtown Beijing City was investigated via spatial analysis methods (e.g.
Kernel density algorithm) based on the relevant spatial-temporal data collected in 2017. Cultural creative industries
are mainly divided into three categories, central, hollow, and discrete, according to their spatial relationship with
the old city of Beijing. In downtown Beijing, cultural creative industries are mainly distributed in the old city and
peripheral regions which forms a three-layer and multi-node industrial structure. Influenced by the position of
important functional units, there are many causes for the differentiation of various industries, including policy
orientation, existing markets, talents with creativity, cultural atmosphere, house and rent prices, and infrastructure.
Finally, the important functional units and industrial parks of the cultural creative industries in downtown Beijing
were summarised based on the cluster effect, and reasonable planning guidance is put forward to build the spatial
brand effect, to improve supporting facilities, and to strengthen policy guidance.

University Campus Planning and Design Strategy under the Background #br# of Education Popularisation

ZHOU Zhao-sen, LIN Guang-si

2020, 0(1): 122-129. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.122

Abstract

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ABSTRACT　Promoted by "rejuvenating the country through science and education," China's education shifted
from "elite education" to "mass education." The number of China's colleges and universities increased significantly
from the mid-to-late 1990s to the early 21st century. To adapt to the social requirements of this new age and to
scientifically design and construct campuses, scholars have conducted in-depth research and implemented design
practices for campus planning during this period. Based on a relevant literature review and campus construction
projects, in the context of education reform, it was found that land-use conflicts were resolved through existing
resource mining, in situ expansion, new construction, and construction of university cities. Campus planning and
design strategies, in this period, mainly focused on a diversity of functional layouts, uniqueness of campus scenery,
multi-level communication space, safe traffic ways, the openness of campus space, the flexibility of campus
construction, and the ecology of the campus landscape. Subsequently, it was found that political policy reform and
social, economic and technical progress not only promoted the university construction directly, but also influenced
higher education concepts and models. The theory and methodology of campus planning design were supported
by the theories and technologies of relevant disciplines and met the needs of China's new education philosophy.

Study on the Antifragile Mechanism of Metropolitan Spatial Structure

LIN Xiao-ru , Lü Yi-ping

2020, 0(1): 130-134. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.01.130

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ABSTRACT　Metropolitan are the core component of the city-region. Under the background of economic
globalization, the optimization of metropolitan spatial structure of is not only the response of regional space to
the trend of globalization, but also the need of the overall strategic transformation of the country. The functional
reorganization and structural upheaval in metropolitan in the transitional period are the key reasons for the frequent
occurrence of urban fragile incidents. Based on structuralist methodology, this paper explores the transmission
mechanism of brittleness in the regional structure of metropolitan, and puts forward three levels of brittleness
system, namely factor fragility, structural fragility and environmental fragility, which will lay a theoretical foundation
for the construction of spatial structure and spatial organization strategy of further antifragile metropolitan.

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