OLI Perspective: Spatial Distribution Evolution of Hong Kong-funded and Taiwan-funded Enterprises in the Pearl River Delta Region

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2018.04.117

Abstract

Abstract: When the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area was uplifted as a national strategy, assisting Hong Kong and Macao into the overall national development plans became a concerning issue for government and scholars. Investments from Hong Kong and Taiwan once had a profound impact in the Pearl River Delta (PRD). This paper investigates why and how Hong Kong and Taiwan investments are made under the new development background of China. Hong Kong-funded and Taiwan-funded enterprises were used to represent foreign direct investment (FDI) of Hong Kong and Taiwan. Based on the Hong Kong-funded and Taiwan-funded enterprise list in nine cities in the PRD, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the enterprises were analyzed using GIS technology and the combined scale of the towns and streets across one district. Moreover, the corresponding influencing factors were analyzed using the framework of international production compromise theory. Finally, the recent Hong Kong-PRD relationship was explored. There were a significant accumulation of Hong Kong and Taiwan investments in the PRD from 2001 to 2014. A stable spatial structure of "Two Cores-Two Axes-Four Areas" was formed during these years. Given the same ownership advantages to the manufacturing industry and the location advantages of cost, institutions were still attracting funds from Hong Kong and Taiwan. However, the advantages were weakened and location advantages became clustered. The increasing ownership advantages of Hong Kong and Taiwan investors in brand and agency, as well as the location advantages of the PRD market, region and agglomeration, were influencing the spatial distribution of the Hong Kong-owned service industry.

Key words: spatial distribution transform, influencing factors, OLI model, Pearl River Delta, Hong Kong - Taiwan Funded Firms, regional development

摘要： 随着粤港澳大湾区上升为国家战略，协助港澳融入国家发展大局成为了政府、学者关心的重要议题。港台资本曾对珠三角发展产生深远影响，在新背景下为了判断港台投资是否仍会发生以及以何种方式发生；本研究通过港台资企业象征港台直接投资，以珠三角九市的港台资企业名目为数据基础，运用GIS技术在镇和市辖区街道合并的尺度分析企业的时空分布特征；并在国际生产折衷论的框架下解析其影响因素，探索最新的港珠关系。研究发现，2001到2014年珠三角港台资集聚特征明显，15年间形成了较为稳定的“两核双轴串四点”的空间结构。在制造业的所有权优势几乎不变的背景下，成本和制度的区位优势仍然吸引着港台商的资金，但优势正在减弱，集聚的区位优势开始显现；而港台商愈发显现的品牌、代理等所有权优势与珠三角市场、区域和集聚的区位优势共同影响着港资服务业的空间分布。

关键词: 时空分布演化, 影响因素, OLI模型, 珠三角, 港台资企业, 区域发展

CLC Number:

TU984.11+1

Ma Xing　Li Zhifeng　Zhang Ze　Xiao Yang. OLI Perspective: Spatial Distribution Evolution of Hong Kong-funded and Taiwan-funded Enterprises in the Pearl River Delta Region[J]. South Architecture, 2018, 0(4): 117-122.

马星　黎智枫　张泽　肖扬. OLI理论视角下珠三角港台资企业空间特征演变及影响机制研究[J]. 南方建筑, 2018, 0(4): 117-122.

References

[1]魏后凯.外商直接投资对中国区域经济增长的影响[J].经济研究,2002(4):19-26.
[2]薛凤旋,杨春.外资:发展中国家城市化的新动力:珠江三角洲个案研究[J].地理学报,1997(3):193-206.
[3]徐江.香港与珠江三角洲空间关系的转变[J].国际城市规划,2008,23(1):70-78.
[4]唐子来,李粲,肖扬,等.世界经济格局和世界城市体系的关联分析[J].城市规划学刊,2015(1):1-9.
[5]刘作丽,贺灿飞.在华外商直接投资区位研究述评[J].地理科学进展,2009(6):952-961.
[6]孟晓晨,石晓宇.深圳“三资”制造业企业空间分布特征与机理[J].城市规划,2003,27(8):19-25.
[7]贺灿飞,梁进社,张华.北京市外资制造企业的区位分析[J].地理学报,2005,60(1):122-130.
[8] Wu F. Intrametropolitan FDI Firm Location in Guangzhou, China: A Poisson and Negative Binomial Analysis[J]. Annals of Regional Science, 1999,33(4):535-555.
[9]张华,贺灿飞.区位通达性与在京外资企业的区位选择[J].地理研究,2007,26(5):984-994.
[10]贺灿飞,潘峰华,孙蕾.中国制造业的地理集聚与形成机制[J].地理学报,2007,62(12):1253-1264.
[11]薛求知.折衷范式的发展和跨国公司理论的动态演进[J].管理学报,2004,1(1):89-97.
[12] Dunning J H. The Eclectic (OLI) Paradigm of International Production: Past, Present and Future[J]. International Journal of the Economics of Business, 2001,8(2):173-190.
[13] Dunning J H. The eclectic paradigm as an envelope for economic and business theories of MNE activity[J]. International Business Review, 2000,9(2):163-190.
[14] Dunning J H, Lundan S M. Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy, Second Edition [J]. Books, 2008.
[15]Dunning J H. Reappraising the Eclectic Paradigm in an Age of Alliance Capitalism [J]. Journal of International Business Studies, 1995,26(3):461-491.
[16] Chunlai C. Comparison of investment behaviour of source countries in China[R].University of Adelaide, Chinese Economies Research Centre, 1997.
[17] Yeung H W. Transnational corporations from Asian developing countries: their characteristics and competitive edge[J]. Journal of Asian Business, 1994,10(4):17-58.
[18]香港工业总会.珠三角制造-香港工业未来的出路[R].2015.
[19] Yang C. Restructuring the export-oriented industrialization in the Pearl River Delta, China: Institutional evolution and emerging tension[J]. Applied Geography, 2012,32(1):143-157.
[20]李小建.香港对大陆投资的区位变化与公司空间行为[J].地理学报,1996(3):213-223.
[21] Leung C K. Personal Contacts, Subcontracting Linkages, and Development in the Hong Kong‐Zhujiang Delta Region[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1993,83(2):272-302.
[22]唐子来,赵渺希.经济全球化视角下长三角区域的城市体系演化:关联网络和价值区段的分析方法[J].城市规划学刊,2010(1):29-34.
[23]香港中華廠商聯合會.廠商會會員珠三角經營前景問卷調查2010年分析報告[Z].2010.
[24]陈恩.港商在内地和珠江三角洲投资的区位布局与实证研究[J].当代港澳研究,2012,35(2):17-40.
[25]许德友,梁琦.珠三角产业转移的“推拉力”分析——兼论金融危机对广东“双转移”的影响[J].中央财经大学学报,2011(1):68-73.
[26]大珠三角商務委員會.業界如何發揮香港的優勢和經驗在珠三角地區拓展內銷[R].2013.
[27]毕秀晶,汪明峰,李健,等.上海大都市区软件产业空间集聚与郊区化[J].地理学报,2011,66(12):1682-1694.
[28] 吴硕贤.“大音希声大象无形”——对城市规划的启示[J]. 规划师，2016(3)：146-147.