Abstract: History truly exists in every construction site, and provides a wealth of design resources for architects. With ongoing city construction and development in China, more and more construction projects will be in complex urban environments. This means that buildings are increasingly required to integrate various design requirements to adapt to the environment, communicate with history as well as provide a valuable contribution to the current built environment. Rafael Moneo, the famous Spanish architect, designed many buildings that properly handled the relationship between historical memory and cultural background in complex environments; these works have been widely accepted by society. This paper presents the Atocha Railway Station, designed by Rafael Moneo, as a case study summarizing Moneo’s typology design method: regarding history as a design logic for achieving harmony and innovation of new buildings in a historical environment whilst enlightening modern architectural design.

Key words: Rafael Moneo, architecture typology, historical environment regeneration, Atocha railway station

摘要： 历史真实地存在于每一处建筑场地之中，是建筑师丰富的设计资源。随着我国城市建设的深入发展，越来越多的建设项目将位于复杂的城市环境中。而建筑更加需要恰当地处理来自各个方面的设计要求，适应环境，对话历史并实现自我的时代价值。西班牙著名建筑师拉斐尔·莫内欧的建筑实践作品，在城市复杂历史环境中恰当地处理了与场所环境、历史记忆和人文背景的关系，得到社会各界广泛认同与肯定。该文章通过研究拉斐尔·莫内欧的著名设计案例——阿托查火车站改扩建设计，探讨了其将历史作为设计逻辑的类型学设计方法，以实现建筑在历史环境中的和谐与创新，以及对当今建筑设计的启示。

关键词: 拉斐尔·莫内欧, 建筑类型学, 历史环境再生, 阿托查火车站