Using the Concept of Heritage to Examine Recent Preservation Projects in China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2015.01.024

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years, under the influence of growing national interest in competing for World Heritage Sites, many cities in China started preservation projects that aim to protect historic resources in the built environment. However, what happened, or is about to happen, are usually large scale re-construction of already lost built environments. Meanwhile, this kind of projects are often associated with demolition of existing buildings and relocation of local residents. Drawing upon archival resources and ethnographic fieldwork, this paper first examines this phenomenon through comparing multiple cases in China. It aims to investigate and discuss the issues that has appeared from this kind of large-scale and man-made impacts on historic resources; these impacts not only change the built environment, but also affect collective memory, identity, social sustainability, and even history. This paper argues that the historic built environment cannot be simply re-constructed yet detached from its social and cultural context, nor can a historic built environment sustain without the support from the stakeholders and the vitality of the embedded intangible heritage.

Key words: cultural heritage, world heritage site, cultural heritage preservation, cultural heritage management, social sustainability, sustainable development of cultural heritage, outstanding universal value, collective memory, identity, local stakeholders

摘要：

近几年来，文化遗产的评估和保护工作成为各级城市和地区发展的着眼点，由此为目的的各种规模的“建造”活动在全国各地不胜枚举。文章试图用文化遗产研究的一些重要理论来重新审视这种模式的“建造”活动，旨在从另一个角度来分析这个现象以及它所带来的深远影响。这些理论涉及对文化遗产的定义，如何衡量文化遗产的价值，文化遗产与历史的异同，文化遗产对集体记忆以及身份认同的影响，还有文化遗产的可持续性发展。在对这些概念的深入剖析之后，加之与现行文化遗产保护模式的比较，本文希望能对这种模式的“建造”提供一种全新的思考模式与判断标准。

关键词: 文化遗产, 世界文化遗产, 文化遗产保护, 文化遗产管理, 社会的可持续性, 文化遗产可持续发展, 普世价值, 集体记忆, 身份认同, 本土利益主体

CLC Number:

Zhao Wei. Using the Concept of Heritage to Examine Recent Preservation Projects in China[J]. South Architecture, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2015.01.024.

赵巍. 中国式“建造”——以国外文化遗产研究理论来审视国内近几年开展的文化遗产保护项目[J]. 南方建筑, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2015.01.024.

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