Abstract: Rapid and extensive urbanization has triggered multifaceted health crises. As the major carrier of residents' lives, the community public space is one of many interventional pathways to public health. Community renewal has become the "cell engineering" of healthy urban construction in the current strategic background of a Healthy China. However, community renewal hasn't formed a detailed theoretical framework for promoting healing performances nor developed explicit and systematic evaluation methods for the community public space scale. The healing factors are implicit only. Besides, community renewal lacks an evaluation method that can integrate evaluation and design effectively and verify applicability. 
　　Hangzhou is a major city in the Yangtze River Delta. The urban communities in Hangzhou have achieved significant development in high-quality advancement, service perfection, and improvement, as well as ecology and environmental green buildings. In the old community morphology, resources are integrated through mild reconstruction of the public space, with full consideration given to the design of different public elements and a connection to open urban life needs. This provides healing experiences for residents in multiple aspects of life. 
　　This study establishes an environmental healing evaluation indicator system of community public space and innovatively provides a research idea that integrates the AHP, the entropy weight method, and TOPSIS. Moreover, the public space optimization pathway orienting to healthy communities is explored, aiming to provide scientific and reasonable fundamental support for creating healing environments in communities. 
　　Concerning research methodology, the study reviews the research foundations of healing potentials of community public spatial environment at home and abroad. It combines Maslow's hierarchy of needs with existing healthy-community evaluation standards to deduce and propose a theoretical framework for evaluating healing performance. This index system of community public space is based on five dimensions: "Health and Comfort", "sensory perception and accessibility", "social communication and service support", "education and aesthetic experiences", and "culture and compatibility". Subsequently, the study determines 24 level-3 indicators to establish an indicator system. Evaluation indicators are determined scientifically according to the combined weight of AHP and the entropy weight method, and the environmental factors that significantly influence healing experiences are recognized. The environmental healing benefits of 10 areas in sample communities are quantified and ranked by combining Technique for Order of Preference with Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS).
　　The research found that spatial configuration, air quality, transportation systems, acoustic environment, and landscape and public art aesthetics are the key factors bringing environmental healing benefits to people. The top-ranked areas share these characteristics. There are certain differences in the healing benefits generated by different public spaces based on the hierarchy of needs. These differences stem from various aspects, such as space type, environmental characteristics, and frequency of use. Finally, suggestions for key factors are proposed from the perspective of renewal and optimization. At the spatial configuration level, the study suggests prioritizing the needs of residents, understanding their expectations for community renewal, and utilizing existing spaces. At the basic physical environment level, it suggests integrating with the environment to promote healing through the five senses. At the transportation system level, it suggests implementing a reasonable plan for separating pedestrian and vehicle traffic and increasing parking spaces to meet needs. At the landscape design level, aesthetic lifestyles should be planned artistically under the premises of easy maintenance, high economic efficiency, and durability.
　　To sum up, this study has realized three objectives. Firstly, it constructs an evaluation index system for environmental healing performances of community public space and applies it empirically. Secondly, a research idea integrating AHP, the entropy weight method, and TOPSIS is provided innovatively, and an important sequence of healing environmental factors is gained. The empirical model preliminarily verifies the reasonability of the research method. Thirdly, some suggestions on renewal and reconstruction based on key elements are proposed. This study also points out shortages in data support and theoretical support. Future studies shall further perfect data accuracy and theoretical depth in the spatial and temporal crossing dimensions.

Key words: community public space, environmental healing performance, healing benefits, evaluation index system

摘要： 社区公共空间蕴含多重疗愈潜能，疗愈性要素的配置与组织方式对提升公共健康水平具有重要作用。从马斯洛需求层次理论出发，结合现有健康社区评价标准，构建了社区公共空间环境疗愈性评价指标体系。以杭州市主城区代表社区为研究对象，采用“AHP+熵权法”并结合拉格朗日函数模型，获得指标综合权重，通过组合加权TOPSIS得出样本社区内10个片区环境疗愈效益的优选排序。结果表明，空间配置、空气质量、交通系统、声环境、景观与公共艺术美感是影响人群疗愈效益的关键环境因素，排序靠前的片区具有同样特征。进而提出社区公共空间环境优化提升建议，以期为人居环境建设的研究和实践提供参考。

关键词: 社区公共空间, 环境疗愈性, 疗愈效益, 评价指标体系