doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2020.06.118

Abstract

Abstract: The " Third-Tier Construction" that began in the 1960s has led to a number of large-scale factories in ravines far from urban areas. These factories and worker dormitories form unique "factory towns". Yueyang Petrochemical Plant is typical of these factory towns. In this study, the planning and construction of Yueyang Petrochemical Plant were reviewed from the perspective of urban and rural planning, including the plant's preparation, improvement, and construction. Moreover, we analyzed the causes and disadvantages of the decentralized group structure, the process of workers' settlements and public facilities, and the evolution of the relationships between "factory-city-village". Finally, the system and morphological characteristics of industrialization and urbanization under the specific 1949 historical conditions were summarized with the aim of conserving the Third-Tier Construction industrial heritage and urban planning heritage.

Key words: third front construction, factory towns, planning, urban form, industrial heritage

摘要： 始于20 世纪60 年代的三线建设在远离城市的山沟里兴建了一批大型企业，这些工厂及其生活区形成了一个个独特的工厂城镇，岳阳石化就是这种厂城的典型。岳阳石化这座厂城经历了从筹建、完善至收缩各个阶段。从城乡规划视角回顾其规划建设组织，采取分散组团式布局的成因和优劣、工人住区和公共设施的配建机制和标准、以及“厂—城—乡”三者关系的变迁，有助于总结厂城作为特定历史条件下工业化和城市化路径的制度和形态特征，提出对三线建设工业遗产和新中国规划遗产的保护建议。

关键词: 三线建设, 工厂城镇, 规划, 城市形态, 工业遗产

LIU Hui. "Factory Town" Planning in Third-Tier Construction: a Yueyang Petrochemical Plant Case Study[J]. South Architecture, 2020, 0(6): 118-125.

刘晖. 三线建设的“厂城”规划及反思——以岳阳石化总厂为例[J]. 南方建筑, 2020, 0(6): 118-125.

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"Factory Town" Planning in Third-Tier Construction: a Yueyang Petrochemical Plant Case Study

三线建设的“厂城”规划及反思——以岳阳石化总厂为例

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