Abstract: This study summarizes the disaster-relief responsibilities and traffic demands of small open space, large open space, and vertical shelters. This information is used to make suggestions for shelter planning in port areas of coastal cities. An SPSS analysis was performed using data from Nagoya, Minato in Japan. This analysis considered three types of shelters and two types of disaster-relief roads between different disaster-prevention zones. It was found that the location of disaster-relief transportation shelters in port areas of coastal cities is mainly determined by spatial properties and scale. In addition, the hazardous conditions shelters are used in poses unique location requirements. The findings of this study can be used to develop shelters' expansion into multiple branches of disaster prevention such as earthquake-storm and tide-fire shelters, improve disaster relief systems with "rescue-repair", and establish disaster relief planning with "hazard environment-shelter-road".

Key words: coastal cities' port area, shelter, disaster-relief transportation, transportation location, Nagoya Minato

摘要： 梳理滨海城市临港地区小型避难场地、大型避难场地、竖向避难所的救灾职能与救灾交通特征，揭示其救灾交通区位选择规律，为临港地区避难场所基于救灾的规划设计提供借鉴。采用SPSS 统计分析，考察日本名古屋港区内三类避难场所在不同致灾危险环境下对救助服务型交通和修复重建型交通的区位选择情况。发现避难场所的空间属性和建设规模对救灾交通区位的选择具有决定性；避难场所所处的致灾危险环境对救灾交通区位的选择会提出特殊要求。临港地区避难场所救灾交通区位选择规律的确定，为避难场所“地震- 风暴潮- 火灾”防御体系的扩充、“救助服务-修复重建”救灾体系的完善、“危险环境- 避难场所- 救灾通道”救灾专项空间规划体系的搭建提供了启示。

关键词: 滨海城市临港地区, 避难场所, 救灾交通, 交通区位, 名古屋港区