Abstract: Based on the strategic background of rural revitalization, multiple values including production, ecology, environment, identification, and heritage of rural landscapes were analyzed in the present study. The analysis showed that current conservation difficulties in rural landscapes include the selective neglect of landscape values and the disconnection of conservation from planning. To conserve and maintain major landscape features, the method for establishing a multi-level conservation system, led by the Ministry of Natural Resources, on a national (regional) scale, county scale, and village group scale was proposed. The system was built with reference to the European landscape character assessment method to identify the landscape character, and to classify, map, and describe the landscape character areas and/or types at different levels. This provided a rational basis for coordinated cross-regional rural landscape conservation, rural landscape conservation in coordination with industrial development of the county, and the integrated rural landscape conservation of village or village groups.

Key words: rural landscape, multiple values, landscape character assessment, multi-level conservation

摘要： 基于乡村振兴的战略背景，解读了乡村景观生产、生态、环境、识别和遗产等多元价值。分析认为，现行乡村保护对景观价值的选择性忽视、保护与规划脱节等问题，构成了乡村景观管护的难点。进而提出由国家自然资源部主导，以保护景观的重要特征为目标，建立国土（区域）尺度、县域尺度和村落（群）的多层级管护体系。该体系借鉴欧洲景观特征评估方法，分层级实现景观特征类型识别、类型区域划分和特征描述，可为乡村景观的跨区域管护协同、县域管护与产业发展协同、村落（群）整体管护提供理性依据。

关键词: 乡村景观, 多元价值, 景观特征评估, 多层级管护