Abstract: The "way of watching" is a method of  cognition which implies the way of thinking. In the view of modern "way of watching", garden is regarded as a system which includes 4 self-evident elements: hill, water, plant,building and has no common aim. Based on Wang Shu's "watching and thinking" mind/mental theory, the article tries to rebuild a new theory system of "way of watching" which takes the "Yi -Jing" as the common aim in oder to return to traditional context. "Jing", "environment", "path" and "Jing-designing method" are the correlative elements as the 4 key concepts. By transferring the four elements into "Jing"and according modularized instruments-Jing placing instrument, Jing linking instrument and Jing viewing instrument, the article explores the possibility to improve the modularization maneuverability of traditional Chinese gardens.

Key words: "Jing", scene, way of watching, Jing viewing instrument, modularization, traditional Chinese gardens

摘要： “观法”是一种认知的方式，其中潜藏的是思维方式。现代“观法”中，园林被视为山、水、植物、建筑4个自明要素组成的无整体目标的体系。文章试图依据王澍的“观想”心智，重返传统语境，复建以“意境”为整体诗意目标，以“景”、“环境”、“路径”和“造景手法”4个互成性的构成要素为关键词的传统造园“观法”理论体系。将这一“观法”体系的要素——景、环境、路径、造景手法转化为景、置景器、连景器和观景器，并使之模件化，探索中国传统造园的模件化可操作性。

关键词: “境”, 景, 观法, 观景器, 模件, 传统园林