城市森林步道健康效益影响研究——以福道为例#br#

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2023.01.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 城市森林步道作为城市中重要的自然环境场域对公众的健康福祉具有重要意义，而其健康效益的影响机制尚不明晰。因此基于城市森林步道环境特征视角，依托刺激-有机体-反应（S-O-R）理论，在量表设计与问卷调查的基础上，构建城市森林步道环境特征、游憩幸福感与健康效益三者之间的路径模型，以福道为研究样地获取实证数据，通过结构方程模型法进行检验以探讨其关系与作用机制。研究结果表明：1）城市森林步道的环境特征可由自然因子、服务因子、感知因子、步道因子四个维度组成；2）环境特征对于健康效益的影响路径有两条，其包括“环境特征→健康效益”的简单路径与“环境特征→游憩幸福感→健康效益”的综合复杂路径；3）游憩幸福感不仅直接显著影响健康效益，还在结构关系模型中发挥了重要中介作用。因此在城市森林步道建设方面要注重多方位的环境特征，关注游客的情感状态，为游客提供高品质的认知与情感体验，以此提升其健康效益。

关键词: 　城市森林步道, 环境特征, 游憩幸福感, 健康效益, 福道

Abstract: With continuous urbanization, public wellbeing and individual health have stagnated or even declined. As an important natural environmental area in cities, urban forest trails are often closely linked with human health. Existing studies on urban forest trails generally focus on design philosophy, planning route, and evaluation system. Few scholars have studied urban forest trails from the perspective of health benefits, and the corresponding influencing mechanisms remain unknown. Therefore, based on the perspective of environmental characteristics and recreational wellbeing, the purpose of this work is to explore the mechanisms influencing the health benefits of urban forest trails, quantify the influences of different factors (such as the influence of environmental characteristics on the health benefits of urban forest trails), recognize key factors and influencing paths, and thereby propose corresponding planning and design strategies.
　　Firstly, a theoretical structural model of environmental characteristics, recreational wellbeing, and health benefits of urban forest trails and the related hypotheses were proposed based on a thorough literature review. Meanwhile, three measurement scales for environmental characteristics, recreational wellbeing, and health benefits were determined. Secondly, a questionnaire was created based on the scales by combining with sociodemographic variables and 558 valid questionnaires were collected through a field survey in Fudao. Finally, a statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS25.0 and Amos24.0 software. The content included: reliability and validity tests of scales, tests for goodness of fit of the model, hypothesis path tests, and mediation tests. All hypotheses were proved true except for the hypothesis that the trail factor has a direct significant positive influence on health benefits. Moreover, quantitative data about the influence of each factor on health benefits of urban forest trails was obtained.
　　According to test results, all dimensions of environmental characteristics of urban forest trails had direct significant positive effects on recreational wellbeing. Specifically, nature factor (β = 0.283, P < 0.001) presented the most significant positive effect, followed by perception factor (β = 0.263, P < 0.01), service factor (β = 0.228, P < 0.01), and trail factor (β = 0.196, P < 0.05) successively. All dimensions of environmental characteristics of urban forest trails had significant positive effects on health benefits. Among them, nature factor (β = 0.331, P < 0.001) had the most significant positive effect, followed by perception factor (β = 0.304, P < 0.01), service factor (β = 0.207, P < 0.01), and trail factor (β = 0.099, P < 0.01) successively. Recreational wellbeing (β = 0.503, P < 0.001) also had direct significant positive effects on health benefits.
　　Therefore, some major conclusions could be drawn. 1) There are multiple paths of influence that environmental characteristics of urban forest trails have on health benefits: the simple path of "environmental characteristics→ health benefits" and the comprehensive, complicated path of "environmental characteristics→ recreational wellbeing→ health benefits" Moreover, recreational wellbeing not only affects health benefits directly and significantly, but also plays an important mediating role in the structural relationship model. On this basis, some optimization suggestions for construction and planning of urban forest trails were proposed from the perspective of environmental characteristics and recreational wellbeing. It is suggested that construction of urban forest trails should pay attention to multi-faceted environmental characteristics and the emotional state of tourists, and provide high-quality cognitive and emotional experiences to tourists with the aim of improving their health benefits.

Key words: urban forest trail, environmental characteristics, recreational wellbeing, health benefits, Fudao

中图分类号:

TU-023

刘凡, 洪邵平 , 张艳钦, 魏昕怡, 董建文, 王敏华. 城市森林步道健康效益影响研究——以福道为例#br#[J]. 南方建筑, 2023, 0(1): 27-34.

LIU Fan, HONG Shaoping, ZHANG Yanqin, WEI Xinyi, DONG Jianwen, WANG Minhua. Health Benefitsand Influences of Urban Forest Trails : A Fudao Case Study#br#

#br#

[J]. South Architecture, 2023, 0(1): 27-34.

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