关键词: 人性化, 经济性, 质子重离子, 核心区, 布置模式

Abstract: In recent years, the incidence and mortality rate of cancer in China have been increasing, which is a serious threat to public health. Proton and heavy ion therapy, as an important means of radiotherapy with sound therapeutic effects, is increasingly recognized by doctors and patients. At present, the construction of proton and heavy iontherapy center in China has been in rapid development. In this regard, it means that the device area and treatment area are the core areas which are the most directly related to the physical process and medical procedures and have a great impact on the construction effect and economic cost. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comparative study on their different layout arrangement modes. Firstly, this paper introduces the construction status of domestic and foreign proton and heavy iontreatment centers. It points out that China is a late starter in building particle treatment centers, a large number of such projects are under construction and planning, and engineering practices are gradually increasing, but the discussions or analysis from the perspective of architectural design are rarely touched. Secondly, this paper analyzes the functional zoning of a proton project and the specific functions of each zone, interprets the particularities and difficulties on the architecture design of the core areas (i.e., device area and treatment area) in terms of radiation safety and protection, process design, medical procedures, structural design, electromechanical design, and engineering cost. Meanwhile, based on domestic and foreign construction cases, this paper categorizes the arrangement of the core areas into three modes, such as underground ( mode Ⅰ), ground ( mode Ⅱ) and semi-inground ( mode Ⅲ), and the details are explained with actual projects as examples. On this basis, this paper summaries the main factors influencing the arrangement mode of the core areas in this type of buildings, among which internal factors include core functional requirements, process design requirements, and medical procedures, while external factors involve construction site conditions, planning requirements, the surrounding environment, and the relations with other parts of the hospital. Lastly, this paper compares and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the above-mentioned three modes from the humanization and economic efficiency. It points out that mode Ⅰ is more conducive to patient accessibility, indoor natural ventilation and lighting, a better view of indoor landscape and greenery, and greater spatial experience for users. This means that modeⅠ has a natural advantage over mode Ⅱ in humanization. In terms of economic efficiency, mode Ⅰ can better utilize construction land by making full use of underground space and lowering floor area and ground height, while modeⅡ can reduce the project cost by reducing the workload in underground excavation and the difficulty in waterproof design, and improving convenience in transportation and installation of major equipment. ModeⅢ proves to be the ideal arrangement for the construction of the core areas of a proton heavy ionproject, as it can combine the advantages of the other two in a site-specific manner and fully leverage the different characteristics of the site to meet the respective core requirements of different functions in a project. However, it has highly restrictive requirements for the construction site conditions. This paper proposes that the design of a proton treatment center should be comprehensively analyzed in terms of construction conditions and purposes, based on process, medical and other requirements, and the perspectives of humanization and economic efficiency, to carefully balance various influence factors and choose a reasonable core area arrangement mode, laying a solid foundation for a smooth construction of the project.

Key words: humanization, economy, proton andheavyion, core area, layout modes