Abstract: As a current research hotspot, coastal settlement landscapes reflect the effects of people on the oceanside over thousands of years. RS technology is used to analyze the expansion characteristics of coastal settlements, facilitating an analysis of the characteristics and internal mechanisms of land use spatial evolution in coastal settlements. Some researchers have discussed the current scenario and development of tourism in coastal villages. Most research has focused on land use analysis, tourism development, and landscape construction. Therefore, further studies on the landscape environment of coastal settlements are needed. At present, the construction trend of “modularization” has improved the material conditions of residents to a certain extent, but the construction paradigm of ignoring regional traditions has also become one of the causes of homesickness in consumers. Therefore, comparing the adaptive characteristics of the settlement landscape on the east and west coasts of Hainan Island is not only conducive to understanding the influencing mechanism of the geographical and climatic environment on settlement landscapes, but also provides a theoretical basis for the establishment of identifiable regional rural landscapes in rural planning in the future. 　　The west coast of Hainan Island starts from Chengmai in the north and runs along the west to Ledong. The east coast starts from Haikou in the north and runs along the east to Sanya. According to the statistics of local city and county yearbooks, along with ArcGIS, there are 2537 natural villages on the east coast and 594 natural villages on the west coast. To meet the superiority test principle of statistics, 85 research samples were selected through stratified random sampling. Differences between the east and west coasts in terms of regional technical characteristics in site selection and layout, spatial form, material use, and decoration were analyzed from the perspectives of natural environmental factors, including the terrain, precipitation, light, wind, and settlement landscape. 　　The differences in the natural adaptability characteristics of the settlement landscape between the east and west coasts are mainly reflected in the macroscopic adaptation to the geographical environment. For example, the complex topographic conditions on the east coast lead to a banded distribution of settlement landscapes, while the flat terrain on the west coast forms clusters of settlement landscapes. At the meso- and micro-level, differences between the east and west coasts are manifested by different adaptations to the climate environment. For example, the villages on the east coast respond to typhoon disasters by reducing the building height, increasing the building density, reducing the eave corridors, etc. For villages on the west coast, the building height is increased and the width of the eave gallery is increased to adapt to the climate and environmental conditions, including the temperature and light. In recent years, the construction of villages on the east and west coasts of Hainan has reached a maximum. When facing a series of sharp contrasts between the adaptive settlement landscape environment and the new forms of planning, the “homogenization” planning model causes irreparably damage to regional landscape diversity. Therefore, this study focuses on the natural adaptability of the settlement landscapes on the east and west coasts of Hainan Island, aiming to include cultural and regional characteristics of settlement landscapes in future planning and design, realizing the goal of harmony in diversity.

Key words: Hainan Island, coastal settlement landscape, theory of aesthetic adaptability, natural adaptability

摘要： 为进一步探究海南岛海岸聚落景观的适应性特征，选取东西海岸85个聚落样本，基于审美适应性理论，从地理、气候、材料三个方面对其自然适应性进行分析对比，归纳总结。发现两岸聚落景观在宏观层面上体现了对地理条件的适应，在中、微观层面上气候条件则为主要影响因素。通过揭示海南岛两岸聚落景观的自然适应性分异，为海岸乡村景观的保护与利用提供参考。

关键词: 海南岛, 海岸聚落景观, 审美适应性理论, 自然适应性