关键词: 岭南文化, 岭南建筑, 传承与创新, 南汉二陵博物馆

Abstract: Globalization leads to increasing cultural convergence and significant influences on Lingnan architecture. Methods to reflect regional features in modern Lingnan architecture have been a core topic in the field of Lingnan architecture. With climate change and the revitalization of Chinese national culture, innovation of modern Lingnan architecture faces great challenges. Previous studies focus on the forms and styles of classical architecture, while others focus on elements such as traditional space consciousness, aesthetic consciousness, and planning design. Simple imitation of Lingnan architecture is decreasing, while abstract manifestation or representation of traditional buildings' internal ideals is increasing. However, there's continuous dispute over manifestation methods, functions, and construction technologies. Conflicting opinions on simple morphology inheritance are also common. Moreover, theoretical studies on inheritance manifestation are ongoing. There are few studies focusing on new changes. Therefore, there is theoretical significance to continuously studying development and inheritance of modern Lingnan architecture. From the perspective of human social activities, Lingnan culture can be divided into traditional Lingnan culture, modern Lingnan culture, and contemporary Lingnan culture. These can be summarized into four cultural features: practicability, compatibility, innovation, and secularity. Culture belongs to the scope of ideology and architecture is a physical form; the connotations and ideas of culture are reflected by architecture. Architecturally, cultural features of Lingnan architecture can be divided into three stages: ancient Lingnan architecture, modern Lingnan architecture, and new Lingnan architecture. Four principles of Lingnan architectural cultural features can be summarized as: the simple and natural green ecological principle; the people-oriented harmonious unification principle; local building context principle regarding traditions; and the principle of combining traditional technologies and modern scientific technologies. Based on these principles, 33 examples of new Lingnan architecture were compared and their design characteristics and means were summarized. These methods of inheritance and innovation were practiced in the creation of Southern Han Mausoleums Museum. These practices include: conforming to natural terrain; transparent enclosure and emphasizing of inner and outer courtyards; richly-diversified field spaces; public buildings using arrangements with traditional significance; and residential buildings using arrangements according to local conditions. Based on studies of the cultural features of Lingnan architecture and practices utilized in the construction of Southern Han Mausoleums Museum, the study results suggest avoiding designs which focus excessively on external form, returning to the core ontology of architectural design, and establishing a basic philosophy of Lingnan architectural design. Some basic problems in architectural design were identified from perspectives of local environment, custom, culture, and cities to gain a new understanding of natural, cultural, and temporal attributes of Lingnan architecture. Relevant conclusions and innovative practices establish architectural values based on local life, thus enabling creation of truly competitive structures.

Key words: Lingnan culture, Lingnan architecture, inheritance and innovation, Southern Han Mausoleums Museum